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003			KUKTEM
005			20251114204412.0
008			080828t2008 my a f m 000 0 eng|d
020			_aTHE0003957(Local)
039		9	_a201905141439 _bfauzi _c201107132226 _dVLOAD _c200908141514 _dVLOAD _c200908141444 _dVLOAD _y200808281216 _zida84
040			_aUMP
090			_aTP156.E8 A36 2008 rs Thesis
100	0		_aAhmad Junaidy Jaapar
245	1	0	_aExtraction of gaharu essential oil using ultrasonic assisted steam distillation / _cAhmad Junaidy Jaapar
246	3		_aExtraction of gaharu essential oil using ultrasonic assisted steam distillation _h[electronic resource]
260			_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMP, _c2008
300			_a63 p. : _bill. (some col.) ; _c30 cm. + _e1 computer disc
502			_aProject paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) --- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2008
520	3		_aAquilaria species from the family of Thymelaeceae are the main source of gaharu, which has been classified as one of the most highly valuable, non-timber products in the world market. Its distinctive fragrance has been valued in many cultures and it is widely used in religious ceremonies, medication, incense, perfume and toiletry products. Currently, the method used for extracting gaharu essential oil is by using hydrodistillation. However, this method is inefficient which it produced low yield of oil and longer time of extraction and thus increasing the production cost. To overcome those problems, this study will be conducted to improve existing method of extraction by using ultrasonic assisted steam distillation. Parameters involve in this study is pretreatment time and gaharu-to-water ratio and both are manipulated to gain high yield of oil with optimum and maximum. The results from this study is the gaharu essential oil yield is increasing with the increment of both pretreatment time and gaharu-to water ratio until it reached a condition where the yield of oil become constant. The best pretreatment time obtained is at 9 hours with oil yield of 0.1276% and the gaharu to water ratio of 1:20.which gave 0.1295% oil yield. Author
650		0	_aAgarwood (Wood)
650		0	_aExtraction (Chemistry)
999			_aVIRTUA40 _c1434 _d1440
999			_aVTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2460*2600*3000*5020*5200*6500*6501*9992