000 02361nam a2200277 a 4500
001 vtls000045188
003 KUKTEM
005 20251114204433.0
008 100224t2009 my a f m 000 0 engd
020 _aTHE0004632(Local)
039 9 _a201905141609
_bazhar
_c201107132353
_dVLOAD
_c201010221337
_dida
_c201002241641
_dida
_y201002241255
_zida
040 _aUMP
090 _aTP359.B46 I49 2009 rs Bc.
100 0 _aM. Ilyas Zubir
245 1 0 _aEsterification of oleic acid with ethanol using tungstated zirconia :
_bkinetic and modelling study/
_cM. Ilyas Zubir
246 3 _aEsterification of oleic acid with ethanol using tungstated zirconia :
_bkinetic and modelling study
_h[electronic resource]
260 _aKuantan, Pahang :
_bUMP,
_c2009
300 _axvi, 64 p. :
_bill. (some col.) ;
_c30 cm. +
_e1 computer disc
502 _aProject paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2009
504 _aBibiliography : p. 46-48
520 3 _aThe esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) mostly found in vegetable oils with ethanol using solid acid catalyst is one of promising method to convert FFA into Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester (FAEE) that is an alternative to replace fossil fuel as energy source mostly in transportation sector. The present study aimed to determine the optimum or best operating condition for the production of FAEE by esterification of oleic acid and ethanol with tungstated zirconia used as solid acid catalyst. Tungstated zirconia used must be activated at 800°C for it functions at the best state by providing most active site for the reaction occur besides providing alternative route that lower than activation energy for reaction to occur. Kinetic model has been developed after the optimum operating condition is determined. From the scope of study, the optimum operating condition of oleic acid esterification can be achieved at 50°C, 1.5 g tungstated zirconia solid catalyst and 5:1 ethanol to oleic acid molar ratio that brings 24.24% oleic acid conversion. Kinetic model used is pseudohomogeneous and from the model, activation energy for esterification which is 9.72 kJ/mol can be determined.
650 0 _aBiodiesel fuels
650 0 _aTriglyceride
650 0 _aEsterification
999 _aVIRTUA40
_c2036
_d2042
999 _aVTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2460*2600*3000*5020*5040*5200*6500*6501*6502*9992