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008 120906t2012 my a f m 000 0 eng d
020 _aTHE0003904(Local)
039 9 _a201905161458
_bshah
_c201710121527
_daishah
_y201209061634
_zida
040 _aUMP
090 _aTP156.D42 N87 2012 rs Thesis
100 0 _aNuraini Mansor
245 1 0 _aOptimization and chemical demulsification of crude oil emulsions /
_cNuraini Mansor
260 _aKuantan, Pahang :
_bUMP,
_c2012
300 _axx, 187 p. :
_bill. ;
_c30 cm. +
_e1 CD-ROM
502 _aThesis (Master of Engineering in Chemical) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2012
504 _aBibliography : p. 134-142
520 3 _aIn this thesis, the potentials of traditional and environmentally friendly chemicals in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions were investigated. The work began with some characterization studies to provide understandings of fundamental issues such as formation, formulation and breaking of emulsions by both conventional and environmentally friendly chemicals approaches. ASTM column separation was utilized for SARA-fractionation technique to characterize crude oil into saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes compounds. The aim was to obtain an optimized operating condition as well as fundamental understanding of water-in-crude oil stability upon which further developments on demulsification processes could be developed. The stability studies were carried out by analyzing operating conditions such as emulsion processing time, droplet size, types and concentration of surfactants, water-oil ratio and stirring intensity. In the demulsification part, this study also investigated the performances of four functional groups of chemical demulsifiers which were amine, polyhydric alcohol, alcohol and biodegradable functional groups. For chemical screening, One Factor at A Time (OFAT) method adopted. Three crude oils namely, crude oil A, B, and C were utilized. These crude oils were obtained from Petronas Penapisan Melaka, Malaysia. Among of these oils, crude oil C was found to be the heaviest and best for stability and followed by crude oil B and A respectively. For chemical demulsifiers, results show that octylamine was the best for water separation (99 % at day-one) and followed by palm based oleyl amine (PBOA) (99 % at day- three), hexylamine (98 % at day-five) and coca amine (97.5 % at day-five). For optimization part, the response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized and results showed that the optimum conditions for each crude oil. The results obtained in this study have exposed the capability of chemicals (conventional and environmentally friendly) method in breaking of water-in-crude oil emulsion. Further works are nevertheless required to provide deeper understanding the mechanisms involved to facilitate the development of an optimum system applicable to the industry.
650 0 _aDemulsification
856 4 0 _uhttp://ecollib.ump.edu.my/25058/
_zLibrary access only
999 _aVIRTUA40
_c2492
_d2498
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