| 000 | 03210ntm a2200265 a 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | vtls000091265 | ||
| 003 | KUKTEM | ||
| 005 | 20251114204523.0 | ||
| 008 | 150921t2015 my da f m 000 0 eng d | ||
| 020 | _aTHE0002150(Local) | ||
| 039 | 9 |
_a201905131700 _byusri _c201712041057 _dfateeha _c201509211115 _dhuda _y201509211047 _zhuda |
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| 040 | _aUMP | ||
| 090 | _aQD341.H9 T49 2015 r Bc. | ||
| 100 | 1 | _aTey, Ban Kiat | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 |
_aSynthesis of reduced graphene oxide by using palm oil mill effluent (POME) / _cTey Ban Kiat |
| 260 |
_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMP, _c2015 |
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| 300 |
_axiii, 55 p. : _bill. (some col.) ; _c30 cm. + _e1 CD ROM |
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| 500 | _aFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering | ||
| 502 | _aProject paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2015 | ||
| 504 | _aBibliography : p. 47-51 | ||
| 520 | 3 | _aThe increase of world palm oil demand has driven a significant increase in palm oil production. Indirectly, palm oil mill effluent (POME) production also has increased drastically. In the material science field, graphene is a marvellous material due to its high specific surface area (theoretically 2630 m2/g for single-layer graphene), extraordinary electronic properties and electron transport capabilities, unprecedented pliability, strong mechanical strength and excellent thermal and electrical conductivities. The abundance β-carotene (strong reducing agent) found in POME can be utilized to synthesize graphene. β-carotene can be used for reduction of graphene oxide instead of hydrazine as this approach is more environmentally friendly. The objectives are to reduce graphene oxide by using β-carotene extracted from POME, optimise the β-carotene concentration to reduce graphene oxide and analyse reduced graphene oxide using Ultraviolet-visible Absorption Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Fabrication of graphene oxide, extraction of β-carotene, and reduced of graphene oxide by β-carotene will be covered in this research. Firstly, the pre-oxidation step was carried out to help to achieve a higher degree of oxidation. Subsequently, the graphite was oxidized by potassium permanganate and undergoes ultrasonication to produce graphene oxide. After that, β-carotene was extracted from POME by using soxhlet extraction. Graphene oxide was reduced by extracted β-carotene from POME and un-treat POME. 4mM of extracted β-carotene was illustrated a successfully reduced result monitored by UV-Vis and FTIR. Quantification of reduced graphene oxide treats by extracted β-carotene from POME has been monitored by using UV-Vis and the peak detected will be shifted from 230 nm to 270 nm. For FTIR analysis, the oxygen associated intensities bands were reduced, such as 3400 cm-1 (for hydroxyl stretching) was completely disappeared in the CrGO spectrum. Besides that, cyclic voltammograms of several types of rGO by applying in the sensor field also have been monitored. | |
| 650 | 0 | _aGraphene | |
| 856 | 4 | 0 |
_uhttp://ecollib.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/9507 _zAccess in library only |
| 999 |
_aVIRTUA40 _c3467 _d3473 |
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| 999 | _aVTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2600*3000*5000*5020*5040*5200*6500*8560*9992 | ||