000 02759nam a2200253 a 4500
001 vtls000067951
003 KUKTEM
005 20251114204528.0
008 121226t2012 my a f m 000 0 eng d
020 _aTHE0004635(Local)
039 9 _a201905141603
_bazhar
_y201212261453
_zFida
040 _aUMP
090 _aTP359.B46 K37 2012 rs Bc.
100 0 _aKarthik Vasutheavan
245 1 0 _aProduction of biodiesel from rubber seed /
_cKarthik Vasutheavan
260 _aKuantan, Pahang :
_bUMP,
_c2012
300 _axvii, 66 p. :
_bill. (some col.) ;
_c30 cm. +
_e1 CD-ROM
502 _aProject paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2012
504 _aBibliography : p. 51-53
520 3 _aThe objective of this research is to produce biodiesel from rubber seed oil. Rubber seed oil (RSO) was obtained from rubber seed by soxhlet and microwave assisted extraction methods. Hexane was used as a solvent in the soxhlet extraction process. The yield of oil from rubber seed by soxhlet extraction method was found to be higher (34 – 40%) than by the microwave extraction method (30 – 32%). The physic-chemical properties of the RSO was measured and it was found that the RSO contained 22 wt.% of free fatty acids (FFA). The viscosity of the oil was found as 33.2 cm2/s at 40oC. Biodiesel was prepared by two-step method, where in the first step, the FFA was converted to fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) by acid catalyzed esterification, and in the second step the triglycerides (TG) was converted to FAEE by base catalyzed transesterification. Effect of different parameters, such as ethanol/oil molar ratio, temperature, catalyst concentration had been studied for both steps. In the first step, which is acid catalyzed esterification, the optimum parameters were found as 1:6 molar ratio of oil to ethanol, 0.5% of catalyst (H2SO4) and at 50oC. The product from the first step was separated in a separating funnel to draw off the excess alcohol, catalyst and water. The optimum parameters for the second step were as follows: 1:6 molar ratio of oil to ethanol, 0.5wt.% of catalyst (NaOH) and temperature of 50oC. After gravity separation of biodiesel from the glycerene layer, it was washed with hot water until a translucent product was obtained. The biodiesel was dried in the rotary vacuum evaporator at 100C for 1 h and the product was characterized. The viscosity of the final biodiesel was found as 5.92 cm2/s and FFA content was undetectable. The gas chromatography analysis shows that the amount of methyl ester found in the sample is quite high.
650 0 _aBiodiesel fuels
650 0 _aChemical kinetics
999 _aVIRTUA40
_c3593
_d3599
999 _aVTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2600*3000*5020*5040*5200*6500*6501*9992