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008 181002t20182018my da f am 000 0 eng d
020 _aTHE0000988(Local)
039 9 _a201905241631
_bnazirah
_c201810021536
_dsaini
_y201810021517
_zsaini
040 _aUMP
_beng
_cUMP
_erda
090 _aFKKSA .O43 2018 r Thesis
100 1 _aOlalere, Olusegun Abayomi,
_eauthor.
245 1 0 _aHeat and microwave reflux extraction, optimization, and physicochemical characterization of oleoresins from Malaysian pepper (piper nigrum) /
_cOlalere Olusegun Abayomi
264 1 _aKuantan, Pahang :
_bUMP,
_c2018
264 4 _c© 2018
300 _axvi, 118 pages :
_billustrations (some color), charts ;
_c30 cm. +
_e1 CD-ROM
336 _atext
_2rdacontent
336 _atext
_2rdacontent
337 _aunmediated
_2rdamedia
337 _acomputer
_2rdamedia
338 _avolume
_2rdacarrier
338 _acomputer disc
_2rdacarrier
347 _atext file
_bPDF
_2rda
500 _aFaculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering
502 _aThesis (Doctor of Philosophy) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2018
504 _aIncludes bibliographical references
520 3 _aEmerging evidence has revealed the undeniable ability of functional plants for the treatment of many degenerative free radical-related diseases in ethnomedicine. Black and white peppers (Piper nigrum) are examples of such plants with both nutritional and medicinal properties. The free radical scavenging properties of these important commodity crops is due to the presence of various mineral elements and phenolic compounds. A need then arises to find an efficient extraction technique that gives high quality phenolic extracts at optimum condition. In this study, heat reflux extraction (HRE) and microwave reflux extraction (MRE) techniques were compared for the extraction of oleoresins from black and white pepper. The effects of these extraction methods on the extraction yield, elemental composition, phenolic content, antioxidant activities, microstructure, and functional characteristics were succinctly investigated. The performance of the two extraction techniques were thereafter evaluated at different operating levels. This was achieved firstly by examining the effects of different parameters on both the extraction yield and absorbed energy, using a single factor experiment (SFE) and Taguchi orthogonal design of experiment (TODOE). The result obtained revealed that the MRE presented a better extracts than HRE in terms of fixed oil extracted, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, number of phenolic compounds and mineral elements. The estimated performance index adjudged MRE to be four times and six times better than HRE in black and white pepper refluxation, respectively.Moreover, white pepper offered a better and quality natural antioxidants in terms of the quantity of fixed oil, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, number of phenolic compounds and mineral elements. This research therefore provided an optimized, qualitative and quantitative insight into the effects of conventional and non-conventional extraction techniques on the yield, mineral composition, phenolic content, antioxidant activities, morphological and functional characteristics of black and white pepper extracts.
610 2 0 _aFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering
_xDissertations
650 0 _aUniversities and colleges
_xDisertations
650 0 _aTheses
999 _aVIRTUA40
_c7844
_d7850
999 _aVTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2640*2641*3000*3360*3361*3370*3371*3380*3381*3470*5000*5020*5040*5200*6100*6500*6501*9992