000 04403ntm a2200373 i 4500
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008 180928t20182018my da f a m 001 0 eng d
020 _aTHE0000916(Local)
039 9 _a201905271541
_bnazirah
_y201809280941
_zfateeha
040 _aUMP
_beng
_cUMP
_erda
090 _aFKKSA .I45 2018 r Thesis
100 0 _aImla Syafiqah Mohd Salleh,
_eauthor.
245 1 0 _aRemoval of mercury (II) ion from industrial wastewater using palm oil fuel ash /
_cImla Syafiqah Mohd Salleh
264 1 _aKuantan, Pahang :
_bUMP,
_c2018
264 4 _c© 2018
300 _axv, 122 pages :
_billustrations (some color), charts ;
_c30 cm. +
_e1 CD-ROM
336 _atext
_2rdacontent
336 _atext
_2rdacontent
337 _aunmediated
_2rdamedia
337 _acomputer
_2rdamedia
338 _avolume
_2rdacarrier
338 _acomputer disc
_2rdacarrier
347 _atext file
_bPDF
_2rda
500 _aFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering
502 _aThesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2018
504 _aIncludes bibliographical references
520 3 _aActivated palm oil fuel ashes (POFA) were used as the adsorbents for the removal of mercury (II) ion from industrial wastewater. From the preliminary experimental results, it shows that the POFA had good adsorption capability for mercury (II) ion. The adsorption process of mercury (II) ion using POFA not only contributes to the mercury adsorption from industrial wastewater but also removes the environmental pollution caused by accumulation and abundance of waste in nature. Therefore, POFA was introduced as a raw material in this study to maximize the utilization of oil palm waste. POFA was activated using chemical activation and sulphuric acid used as a solvent before proceeding with mercury (II) ion adsorption process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis had been applied to observe the effect of the POFA structure before and after activation. The screening study was analyzed using fractional factorial design (FFD). In factorial analysis study, the best mercury (II) ion removal condition removed 98.03 ± 0.06 % when performed at 100 rpm of agitation speed, pH 2, 5 mg/L of initial mercury (II) ion concentration, 0.25 g of adsorbent dosages and 4 h of contact time. From this screening study, two factors which are contact time and agitation speed were selected for further analysis in optimization part. The optimization of mercury (II) ion removal efficiency was done by using central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM). In central composite design (CCD), the optimum condition for mercury (II) ion removal was obtained at 150 rpm for 5 h which removed 98.93 ± 0.02 % of mercury (II) ion. The equilibrium data at various concentrations were analysed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models. From this present study, the values of correlation coefficient (R2) obtained from the Freundlich isotherm was 0.9899. A kinetic study was carried out with pseudo first order and pseudo second order reaction equations. It was found that the mercury (II) ion uptake process followed the pseudo second order rate expression. Thermodynamic parameters of the Gibbs free energy (Δ𝐺°), enthalpy (Δ𝐻°), and entropy (Δ𝑆°) were also determined. The negative Gibbs free energy change (-764.32 kJ/mol) and the positive enthalpy change (75531.86 kJ/mol) indicated that adsorption was spontaneous process and endothermic nature. It was found that activated POFA was a good adsorbent for mercury (II) ion removal with 91.18 % mercury removal from industrial wastewater. This result was comparable to other researcher in the range from 90 to 95 % mercury (II) ion removal. Overall, POFA has the potential to be used as an adsorbent for the removal of mercury (II) ion from industrial wastewater due to its high performance and availability at low cost.
610 2 0 _aFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering
_xDissertations
650 0 _aUniversities and colleges
_xDisertations
650 0 _aTheses
999 _aVIRTUA40
_c7999
_d8005
999 _aVTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2640*2641*3000*3360*3361*3370*3371*3380*3381*3470*5000*5020*5040*5200*6100*6500*6501*9992