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999			_c90816 _d90822
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008			191008t20192019my a|||f |||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0008101(Local) _qhardback
040			_aUMP _beng _cUMP _erda
090			_aFKASA .H53 2019 r Bc.
100	0		_aNoor Hidayah Mohd Haza, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aLeaching characteristic of red gypsum under column and oedometric conditions / _cNoor Hidayah Mohd Hazari
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMP, _c2019
264		4	_c© 2019
300			_axiii, 68 pages : _billustrations (some color) ; _c30 cm. + _e1 CD-ROM
336			_atext _2rdacontent
336			_atext _2rdacontent
337			_aunmediated _2rdamedia
337			_acomputer _2rdamedia
338			_avolume _2rdacarrier
338			_acomputer disc _2rdacarrier
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources
502			_aProject Paper (Bachelors of Civil Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2019
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references
520	3		_aRed gypsum (RG) is a by-product produced during the extraction of titanium dioxide (TiO2) from ilmenite ores. Unregulated and rampant disposal activity of RG might be an issued due to waste gypsum arising from chemical industry or power plant annually without being utilize. The leachability of heavy metals of this waste will be leach into the soil groundwater. The main objective of this study is to determine the leaching characteristics of RG under Column and Oedometric conditions and comparing the concentration of elements with Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Total Threshold Limit Concentration (TTLC) and Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS). The concentrations and types of heavy metals were analyzed using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Experimental results demonstrated that only a few of the major elements that are traced from both leaching tests carried out by Column leaching test and Oedometer leaching test such as Mg, Ca, Na, Al and K. The highest concentration of major element is Mg (129.5 mg/L). In addition, some of heavy metals produced are Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. The highest concentration of these five heavy metals is Zn (0.031 mg/L). However, the value of this concentration still does not exceed the limits provides in TTLC and NDWQS with the value of 5000 mg/L and 3 mg/L respectively. The results recorded element concentration under Column leaching test were higher than Oedometer leaching test. Overall, all element concentrations of RG were found to all relevant consideration standards of TCLP, TTLC and NDWQS as the elements that leach out were found to be less than allowable limits.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and Colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses
942			_2lcc _cPSM