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008			220308s2020 my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0009137(Local) _qhardback
040			_aUMP _beng _cUMP _erda
090			_aFTKKP .A45 2020 r Thesis
100	1		_aSiti Nor Amira Rosli, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aOptimization of xylanase production from locally isolated landfill bacteria / _cSiti Nor Amira Rosli
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMP, _c2020
264		4	_c© 2020
300			_axv, 103 pages : _billustrations (some color) ; _c30 cm. + _e1 CD-ROM
336			_atext _2rdacontent
336			_atext _2rdacontent
337			_aunmediated _2rdamedia
337			_acomputer _2rdamedia
338			_avolume _2rdacarrier
338			_acomputer disc _2rdacarrier
347			_atext file _bPDF _2rda
500			_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
502			_aThesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2020
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references
520	3		_aXylanase is biocatalyst which specifically degrades xylan into xylooligosaccharide and pentose sugars. It is being exploited in many important commercial areas such as textiles, detergents, bread manufacturing, juice and wine clarification, pulp and paper, biofuel and chemicals production and waste treatments. Microorganism sources are preferable by industries among the sources of enzymes due to fast growth rate and high amount of enzymes can be attained in a short timeframe. The use of microorganisms such as yeast fungi, and bacteria, known for their ability to produce extracellular enzymes into the ecosystem, can help to resolve the main challenge of reducing waste generation in landfills by converting municipal solid waste into bioenergy. Moreover, there is none specific literature on the optimization and kinetic studies of xylanase production from the new isolated bacteria. This study’s objective is to screen, identify and characterize the xylanolytic bacteria from landfill soil in Kampung Sungai Ikan Landfill, Kuala Terengganu. Besides, it is aimed to screen and optimize the culture conditions for production of xylanase. Further aimed was to investigate the fermentation kinetic of xylanase production at the optimum culture conditions. In this study, the isolated bacteria were screened for their qualitative and quantitative of xylanase production and identified for its genus and species. Simultaneously, characterization of the isolated bacteria was conducted via Gram’s staining and morphology studies. The fermentation media used contained (in g/L): peptone (10.0), xylan (10.0), ammonium sulfate (2.5), dipotassium phosphate (2.0) and magnesium sulfate (0.3). The effect of culture conditions such as temperature (min: 35 °C, max: 40 °C), initial pH of media (min: pH 7, max: pH 9), agitation speed (min: 100 rpm, max: 200 rpm), incubation period (min: 18 h, max: 30 h) and inoculums size (min: 5% [v/v], max: 15% [v/v] to produce xylanase in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask was investigated via full factorial design (FFD). The significant factors were furthered optimized via central composite design (CCD) except the two insignificant factors: incubation period and inoculum size which were fixed at 30 h and 5% (v/v), respectively. The xylanolytic bacteria screened with the highest xylanase activity was identified as Bacillus badius by molecular method 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing with similarity of 99.37%. It was characterized as Gram-positive bacteria, rod-shaped cells with colony features of punctiform, flat elevation and entire margin. The significant factors identified using FFD were initial pH of media, temperature, and agitation speed. The xylanase production was successfully optimized by using CCD under the optimum condition of initial pH 7 of media, 38 °C and 120 rpm. At this optimum condition, the maximum xylanase activity was recorded at 116.32±6.70 U/mL with 3.77% error from the predicted value. The activity was increased five-fold than that the unoptimized conditions. From the kinetic fermentation study, the xylanase production was discovered to be mostly associated to growth of Bacillus badius. The kinetics constants were determined including maximum specific growth rate, µmax (0.0953 1/h), generation time, td (7.3 h), cell productivity (0.13 g/L /h), growth associated of growth formation, α (50.174 U/mg cell), non-growth associated of growth formation, β (0.2392 U/mg cell /h) and enzyme productivity (3.86 U/mL /h). The present findings showed that optimization of xylanase activity from Bacillus badius could be useful for xylanase production and appears to be a potential tool for effective xylan degradation to be applied in degradation of lignocellulosic waste and other necessary commercial applications.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_ageographic name entry element Theses
942			_2lcc _cRESTRICT