000			03897ntm a2200373 i 4500
999			_c99351 _d99357
003			MY-KuUP
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008			230410t20222022my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0009592 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMP _beng _cUMP _erda
090			_aFKOM .F83 2022 r Thesis
100	1		_aMuhammad Fuad Bin Abdullah, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aFrame selection based on modified entropy and object motion for secured data hiding in videos / _cMuhammad Fuad Bin Abdullah
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMP, _c2022
264		4	_c©2022
300			_axii, 81 pages : _billustrations (some color) ; _c30 cm. + _e1 CD-ROM
336			_2rdacontent _atext
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
337			_2rdamedia _acomputer
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
338			_2rdacarrier _acomputer disc
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Computing
502			_aThesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2022
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references
520	3		_aThe growth of internet technology makes hiding information techniques become popular communication. Video has been widely used as media for concealing communication existence by hiding messages. Videos are often compressed to reduce storage and transmission payload at the expense of lower quality due to bandwidth-related issues. Videos provide additional hidden-space in the video data. Compression methods have been widely applied in multimedia applications. The hiding information based on least significant bits will be lost due to compression. The existing hiding messages focus on the imperceptibility and payload of hidden messages. In practice, the hidden message does not require a large amount of bits. Thus, it is vital to develop a hiding information technique that requires a limited payload of hidden messages but it can be resistant against compression. This research proposed a frame selection technique based on object motion and modified entropy in video steganography. The object motions in the video frame were determined by horizontal and vertical motion vectors. The video frames that had object motion were computed by modified entropy. The lowest modified entropy frames were selected for concealing a secret message. The proposed scheme embedded data along with the object motion by modifying Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients in the video frames. Six DCT coefficients were selected in the middle frequency using DCT-psychovisual effects of hiding messages. A message was embedded by modifying middle DCT coefficients using the proposed algorithm. The middle frequencies had a large hiding capacity and it relatively did not any give significant effect to the video reconstruction. The proposed frame selections provided additional security where the hidden data were difficult to be detected. The proposed video steganography achieved less perceptual distortion to the human eyes. The experimental results showed that the scheme achieved good robustness of message recovery in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Normalised Cross-Correlation (NC). The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme improved SSIM value of about 1.21% than other existing schemes. The average PSNR and SSIM values for fourteen videos are about 49.67 dB and 0.989, respectively. The recovered message of the proposed steganography scheme can be resistant under video compression. The proposed scheme also achieved good robustness of message recovery under H.264 compression in terms of NC and BER. The average NC and BER values of message recovery under H.264 compression are about 0.95 and 0.2 respectively.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Computing _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses
942			_2lcc _cTHESIS